When baby teeth come in
Babies are born with all 20 primary teeth already in their jaws. Around 6 months of age the first teeth break through the gums, usually in the lower front, and most of the rest arrive by age 3, when children typically have 10 top teeth and 10 bottom teeth. Teething can make gums tender. Gently rubbing the gums with a clean finger, a chilled spoon or a moist gauze pad can help, and a solid rubber teether is a safe choice. Avoid liquid-filled rings or plastic teethers that might break or develop sharp edges.
The first dental visit
A child's first dental visit should happen after the first tooth appears, but no later than the first birthday. As soon as a baby has teeth, they can get cavities, and tooth decay can affect a child's ability to eat, sleep, speak clearly and learn. The first visit sets up a home base for dental care. You can bring your baby to a family dentist who cares for patients of all ages or to a pediatric dentist, who specializes in infants, children and teens, including those with special needs.
At the visit, the dentist checks that the teeth, jaw, bite and gums are developing normally and looks for injuries or cavities. Depending on your child's age, the dentist may do a gentle cleaning, and you will likely hold your baby on your lap in the chair. It is fine if your baby wiggles or cries. Schedule the visit for a time when your child is rested and alert, avoid nap time and save snacks for after the exam.
Brushing and cleaning
Even before the first tooth, wipe your baby's gums with a damp cloth or gauze pad after meals. When teeth appear, brush them twice a day with a small, soft-bristled brush and a little fluoride toothpaste, about the size of a grain of rice. Once two teeth touch, clean between them with floss. Between ages 3 and 6, teach your child to brush and floss and supervise so they reach every side of every tooth. Use a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste and brush for two minutes, morning and evening.
Water and food
Plain water is the best drink for teeth. In most communities the tap water has added fluoride, which helps prevent tooth decay. The ADA points to an online map from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention if you want to check your water. Cavity-causing bacteria feed on sugary foods and drinks, including some that seem healthy, such as fruit juice, baked goods and cereal bars made with honey or molasses, so watch what your child snacks on.
Why baby teeth matter
Baby teeth are not just placeholders. They help children chew, speak clearly and smile with confidence, and they set the spacing that adult teeth need, which starts to matter around age 6. Teeth lost early to cavities can threaten the health of permanent teeth. Dentists may suggest sealants, a coating that fills grooves in the back teeth, or fluoride varnish, a quick surface treatment applied in the office. Ask whether either is a good idea for your child. To find a family or pediatric office, use the directory of St. Louis Park dentists.
Common questions
When should my child first see a dentist?
After the first tooth appears and no later than the first birthday.
How much toothpaste should I use?
A smear about the size of a grain of rice for babies and toddlers, and a pea-sized amount between ages 3 and 6.
Do baby teeth need care if they will fall out?
Yes. Cavities in baby teeth can cause pain, affect eating and speaking and threaten permanent teeth.
What is a dental sealant?
A plastic coating that fills grooves and pits on the back teeth, where decay often starts.
Should I see a family dentist or a pediatric dentist?
Either works. A family dentist treats all ages, while a pediatric dentist specializes in infants, children and teens, including those with special needs.